Journal of Catholic Legal Studies

Women in Catholic Social Thought: The Creation of a New Social Reality

By: Luciana Reali

The question of the role of woman in the family and in the workplace has most typically been approached through a secular lens.  The law derives its perspective on women, individually and collectively, from socially and culturally constructed images of women, which are inherently flawed. Even if we fit none of these descriptions, the law perceives us as all of them, due to their pervasiveness in modern American society. 

Many people, including Catholics, believe that gender bias exists in the Catholic Church (“the Church”), based upon the Church’s positions on contemporary women’s issues, such as its refusal to ordain women priests.  However, examination of the Church’s teaching reveals that Catholic Social Thought (“CST”) on women, from ancient biblical sources through modern encyclical teachings, and especially developments during the papacy of John Paul II, has as its foundation an overarching concern with the dignity of women.  Therefore, if feminist legal theory is reconciled with and informed by the principles of CST, it will be possible to create a “new social reality” for women.

CST, from ancient biblical sources through modern Church writings, as well as works of progressive thinkers within the Church such as the Gospel feminists, affirms and celebrates the value and dignity of women.  These teachings and the strides that the women’s movement has made over the past fifty years inspire hope that there will be greater empowerment and a “new social reality” for women in the Church and in society in the near future.