Week 7

Technology and Communications Team
Log # 7
By Eric Suen

“People may live in poverty and may not have formal education, but they are nonetheless talented and highly entrepreneurial. Microcredit invests in people so they can advance themselves and the generations that will follow them.” This was quote from our guest presenter last week; CJ, who gave the class a presentation on microfinance in Kenya.

From CJ’s numerous stories, we obtained a better understanding of microfinance and its function in helping to fight poverty. Her stories included Jane, who was a prostitute because the only way she knew how to make money was to sell her body in order to support her three children. After obtaining a loan, Jane began to sew jewelry and sold them for a profit. Another story, which I personally enjoyed because it was heartfelt, was about a woman named Joyce, who lost six of her sons and her husband to a tribal war but is now very successful with her three restaurants. Although she happened to lose all three of her restaurants, her persistence to continue from scratch again questions the integrity of many others. From losing everything, many would have given up after they have lost everything, but Joyce on the other hand continues to strive for success.

Finally, there were stories on criminals such as Bernard and John and Wilson. Bernard and John were criminals out to kill a speaker, but one day they decided to work together in creating boxes which helped their community. Through microloans, John and Bernard are owners of their own store and have smiles on their faces that were genuine from all their hard work. Wilson was also not only a criminal but, the most wanted criminal. After obtaining a microloan, he now owns three stores.

Another thing that was interesting was the technology that the loan officers had. They could bring up a person’s files just by using their finger prints in a portable scanner. The technology seemed far more advanced than technology used elsewhere. Also by utilizing one cow, many opportunities for borrowers were created. The milk from the cows was sold for profit and the manure was used for bio-gas, which heated stoves and created electricity for homes. The cows also provided opportunities for kids to get an education from the profits created from selling the milk.

In the end, the final quote that stood out was from someone in Kenya, “We live in poverty but we are not poor.” We refer to poor people very often and do not understand the distinction between being poor and being in poverty.

Marketing and Fundraising Team
Log # 7
By Nicole Pasciolla 

I cannot write this week without talking about last class.  The presentation last class has impacted me, and is continually pulling emotions out of me.  Sister CJ, who made the presentation, has had such an interesting life with her travel and experiences in different cultures.  She is an amazing woman who had so many stories to share.  I loved her presentation because when she was sharing her experiences, I could feel the passion and love she had for microfinance and the fight to end poverty.  She has befriended so many people, and being part of the U.N. she has heard so many different opinions and stories.  One of the points that really stuck with me is when she said that when sitting in on meetings in the U.N. there are so many different opinions from each country.  Each country is out to get what is best for them.  This only confirms my opinion that the government cannot solve poverty, and with this microfinance plays a very big role. 

In sister CJ’s presentation a particular picture stunned me.  This was the picture of the people of Kibera.  In GLOBE we always talk about what we view as poverty, and what actual poverty is all over the world, and this picture proves to me that I do not have a realistic understanding of what extreme poverty entails.  Kibera took my breath away, and in such a way that I feel ashamed that I did not know.  One million people living in one square mile is something that I cannot conceive.  The idea of a flying toilet, where the people of Kibera go to the bathroom in a bag and throw it, is hard to understand for me.  Just thinking about the flying toilet, the amount of fifth, germs, and smells that the people of Kibera live in must be close to unbearable.  This is why there is so much crime in slums like Kibera.  For them, there is no way out, nothing to look forward to, and nothing to live for.  I can understand that crime is probably the only thing that gives existence to their lives.  This is a very sad reality, and it is hard to understand for me living the way I do. 

Hearing about Ingrid Munro exemplifies the belief that anything is possible.  For her to go into a slum of this proportion and try to change it, and challenge people to save is something that goes beyond any strength and passion I have ever felt.  Munro showed the power not only of the difference one individual can make, but the power of microfinance.  For Munro to challenge people to save in a place where this is an unbelievable task is a hard endeavor.  I think of how we save in America.  I feel like in society today we think of change as something that is annoying to carry, and a thing that we just want to get rid of.  I have seen people throw away change or drop change on the floor and leave it, while people in Kibera work and save months for the change we so easily discard.  This shows me that microfinance can be about the little change in our pockets.  If everyone took the spare quarter or dime in their pocket and put it into microfinance, so many lives could be changed.  It is truly not about the amount, but the amount of hope something so small can give to a person.  Like Ingrid Munro says, “It does not matter where you come from, but it is where you are going.”  This puts a whole new meaning on life.  This single statement alone sums up all the hope and excitement microfinance can give.  The simple question of “what do you want to do” can make a difference.  The option to have a choice, the option to get a chance to change, and the option to get a chance to live is what everyone deserves.  I can imagine a woman in Kibera just praying for someone to give her a chance; to give her the opportunity to be someone.  I want to help an individual reach their potential, and through microfinance I feel I can do this. 

Finance and Risk Assessment Team

Log # 7
By Minela Feratovic

This week’s class was different. We finally had guest speakers discuss their personal experiences with microfinance. Caroljean Willie was one of the guest speakers. She works at the UN. Her presentation was extremely interesting. We learned how Jamii Bora, a provider of microfinance services, improved a community in Africa. In this community resided two notorious killers. They were given loans to improve their lives. These loans transformed them. Now they have homes they love and they are helping the youth in their community. Furthermore, they are no longer feared. One of the most important things she said pointed out was, “People have to participate in their own development.” She is absolutely right. Giving out money will not solve problems. People have to learn how they are capable of leading themselves out of poverty. She also mentioned how group work allows people to develop. The second speaker was Sister Ann Moyalan. She worked in a Muslim community in India. While she was there she helped educate woman who in return educated the rest of their community. The stories from both speakers were truly inspiring.

Once the guest speakers completed their presentations, my team went over some ideas we had in mind. One important idea was expanding our partnerships. Ms. Willie emphasized the importance of having partners in the field who constantly communicate with the loan providers. We feel like we are not getting enough information from the Daughters of Charity. It is vital that we are frequently updated to build up the operations of GLOBE.  Our next action step is to research possible partners we can work with. These partners can help us overcome communication problems and they can assist us in diversifying our loan portfolio.

This week one of the assigned readings was a chapter in The Economics of Microfinance. The reading discusses subsidies. Many microfinance institutions take advantage of subsidies. There are only a few that are financially sustainable. Grameen Bank takes makes use of subsidies. Between 1985 and 1996, the bank reported profits of about $1.5 million. The author points out that it took out $16.4 million in direct subsidies between those years. In reality the bank did not make a profit.  The author tries to answer whether or not subsidies yield social benefits. Studies show that subsidies do lead to benefits and these benefits outweigh the costs. However, there is a push for microfinance institutions to transform from depending on subsidies to becoming financially sustainable.

In Chapter 11 of Banker to the Poor, Muhammad Yunus discusses the hardship Grameen Bank dealt with in the 1990s. A cyclone hit Bangladesh in the early part of the decade. The borrowers lost everything. They quickly overcame the difficulties caused by the cyclone. They started new businesses or rebuilt their businesses. Once again they were on the path toward on-time repayment. Grameen was growing in the middle of the decade. It lent out it one-billionth dollar in loans in 1996. The MFI was extremely successful. Grameen expanded to further the economic development of Bangladesh.

Chapter 12 of the book details the enterprises and companies started by Grameen Bank. Yunus took over the fisheries project from the government. The government’s poor management led to the failure of the project. When taken over by Grameen, the poor participated in the development of the project. In the end it turned out to be a huge success. Another success story is Grameen Phone. This initiative increased cellular phone usage in Bangladesh. This project also paved way for expanding internet service across Bangladesh. My synopsis of the readings is that small steps can make a huge impact. Each project can lead to another project that advances economic development.

Accounting and Program Audit Team

Log # 7
By Mark Braithwaite

This past week we finally had guest speakers come talk to us.  I had written in previous logs that I was anxious to hear from guest speakers.   I knew it would be good but, I never imagined that it would be so inspirational.  I honestly can’t find the words to express the impact that Sr. Caroljean Willie and Sr. Ann Moyalan had on me.  It was so amazing to see how they’ve made huge changes in impoverished societies.  The best part is that for these societies, it wasn’t all about the loans.  It was the mindset of these people.  One of the questions I asked in class is how often do they run into troublemakers, people who may try to rob recipients of the loans or in the case of Sr. Ann’s community, people who may try to stop the women from becoming empowered and educated.  And surprisingly, they don’t run into those issues.  Here in America we’re cultured to be so individualistic.  We’re always thinking about getting ourselves ahead, having a huge career, and amounted some amount of material wealth (some more than others).  Sr. Caroljean and Sr. Ann Moyalan helped me appreciate that these people don’t think like that.  The people in these countries are looking to bring their communities out of poverty, not just themselves.  The peer mentality is just amazing.  That’s why I thought Sr. Caroljean’s comment about calling them poor was so interesting. 

The people don’t want to be called poor because by doing so, we put them below us.  They’re rich in culture, history, values, and community.  They live in poverty because they don’t have a lot of money, but they are by no means poor.  That statement really gave me food for thought.   The innovations that these people came up with to substitute for the commodities we have were just amazing.  For example, using the feces from cows to produce bio gas to fuel stoves that allow them to cook easily, saving the kids the trip of having to go find firewood was mind-blowing.  I’ve been through over 15 years of schooling and I had no idea you could do something like that.  Now the kids can use that time going to school and getting an education.  One thing that Sr. Caroljean helped us see was that the number one concern for the parents she’s helped was making sure their kids could go to school.  Those parents understand that education plays a big role in eradicating poverty. 

I was also amazed at how Sr. Ann was able to fight such strong cultural norms without disrespecting or violating those cultures.  She’s a Christian but she deals with Muslims in India.  The Muslim culture doesn’t encourage the education and empowerment of women.  In fact, they are strongly opposed to it.  The work she has done has helped to educate many women, saving them from abuse and the poverty that comes with living in dirty slums.  She’s been able to win the trust of their husbands so that her work can be done without significant interference.  Again, it’s because these people want their communities to do better, not just individuals.